Colossians

1Chapter
1Greetings from Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus. I am an apostle because that is what God wanted. Greetings also from Timothy, our brother in Christ.
2To the holy and faithful brothers and sisters in Christ who live in Colossae. Grace and peace to you from God our Father.
3In our prayers we always thank God for you. He is the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. 4We thank him because we have heard about the faith you have in Christ Jesus and the love you have for all of God’s people. 5Your faith and love continue because you know what is waiting for you in heaven—the hope you have had since you first heard the true message, the Good News 6that was told to you. Throughout the world, this Good News is bringing blessings and is spreading. And that’s what has been happening among you since the first time you heard it and understood the truth about God’s grace. 7You heard it from Epaphras, our dear friend and co-worker. He is a faithful servant of Christ for us. 8He also told us about the love you have from the Spirit.
9Since the day we heard these things about you, we have continued praying for you. This is what we pray: that God will make you completely sure of what he wants by giving you all the wisdom and spiritual understanding you need; 10that this will help you live in a way that brings honor to the Lord and pleases him in every way; that your life will produce good works of every kind and that you will grow in your knowledge of God ; 11that God will strengthen you with his own great power, so that you will be patient and not give up when troubles come. Then you will be happy 12and give thanks to the Father. He has made you able to have what he has promised to give all his holy people, who live in the light. 13God made us free from the power of darkness. And he brought us into the kingdom of his dear Son. 14The Son paid the price to make us free. In him we have forgiveness of our sins.

The Son of God Is the Same as God

15No one can see God, but the Son is exactly like God. He rules over everything that has been made.
16Through his power all things were made: things in heaven and on earth, seen and not seen— all spiritual rulers, lords, powers, and authorities. Everything was made through him and for him.
17The Son was there before anything was made. And all things continue because of him.
18He is the head of the body, which is the church. He is the beginning of everything else. And he is the first among all who will be raised from death. So in everything he is most important.
19God was pleased for all of himself to live in the Son.
20And through him, God was happy to bring all things back to himself again— things on earth and things in heaven. God made peace by using the blood sacrifice of his Son on the cross.
21At one time you were separated from God. You were his enemies in your minds, because the evil you did was against him. 22But now he has made you his friends again. He did this by the death Christ suffered while he was in his body. He did it so that he could present you to himself as people who are holy, blameless, and without anything that would make you guilty before him. 23And that is what will happen if you continue to believe in the Good News you heard. You must remain strong and sure in your faith. You must not let anything cause you to give up the hope that became yours when you heard the Good News. That same Good News has been told to everyone on earth, and that’s the work that I, Paul, was given to do.

Paul’s Work for the Church

24I am happy in my sufferings for you. There is much that Christ must still suffer. And I gladly accept my part of those sufferings in my body for the good of his body, the church. 25I became a servant of the church because God gave me a special work to do. This work helps you. My work is to tell the complete message of God. 26This message is the secret truth that was hidden since the beginning of time. It was hidden from everyone for ages, but now it has been made known to God’s holy people. 27God decided to let his people know just how rich and glorious that truth is. That secret truth, which is for all people, is that Christ lives in you, his people. He is our hope for glory. 28So we continue to tell people about Christ. We use all wisdom to counsel every person and teach every person. We are trying to bring everyone before God as people who have grown to be spiritually mature in Christ. 29To do this, I work and struggle using the great strength that Christ gives me. That strength is working in my life.
2Chapter
1I want you to know that I am trying very hard to help you. And I am trying to help those in Laodicea and others who have never seen me. 2I want them to be strengthened and joined together with love and to have the full confidence that comes from understanding. I want them to know completely the secret truth that God has made known. That truth is Christ himself. 3In him all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge are kept safe.
4I tell you this so that no one can fool you by telling you ideas that seem good, but are false. 5Even though I am far away, my thoughts are always with you. I am happy to see your good lives and your strong faith in Christ.

Continue to Follow Christ Jesus

6You accepted Christ Jesus as Lord, so continue to live following him. 7You must depend on Christ only, drawing life and strength from him. Just as you were taught the truth, continue to grow stronger in your understanding of it. And never stop giving thanks to God.
8Be sure you are not led away by the teaching of those who have nothing worth saying and only plan to deceive you. That teaching is not from Christ. It is only human tradition and comes from the powers that influence this world. 9I say this because all of God lives in Christ fully, even in his life on earth. 10And because you belong to Christ you are complete, having everything you need. Christ is ruler over every other power and authority.
11In Christ you had a different kind of circumcision, one that was not done by human hands. That is, you were made free from the power of your sinful self. That is the kind of circumcision Christ does. 12When you were baptized, you were buried with Christ, and you were raised up with him because of your faith in God’s power. God’s power was shown when he raised Christ from death.
13You were spiritually dead because of your sins and because you were not free from the power of your sinful self. But God gave you new life together with Christ. He forgave all our sins. 14Because we broke God’s laws, we owed a debt—a debt that listed all the rules we failed to follow. But God forgave us of that debt. He took it away and nailed it to the cross. 15He defeated the rulers and powers of the spiritual world. With the cross he won the victory over them and led them away, as defeated and powerless prisoners for the whole world to see.

Don’t Follow Rules That People Make

16So don’t let anyone make rules for you about eating and drinking or about Jewish customs (festivals, New Moon celebrations, or Sabbath days). 17In the past these things were like a shadow that showed what was coming. But the new things that were coming are found in Christ. 18Some people enjoy acting as if they are humble and love to worship angels. They always talk about the visions they have seen. Don’t listen to them when they say you are wrong because you don’t do these things. It is so foolish for them to feel such pride, because it is all based on their own human ideas. 19They don’t keep themselves under the control of the head. Christ is the head, and the whole body depends on him. Because of Christ all the parts of the body care for each other and help each other. So the body is made stronger and held together as God causes it to grow.
20You died with Christ and were made free from the powers that influence this world. So why do you act as if you still belong to the world? I mean, why do you follow rules like these: 21“Don’t eat this,” “Don’t taste that,” “Don’t touch that”? 22These rules are talking about earthly things that are gone after they are used. They are only human commands and teachings. 23These rules may seem to be wise as part of a made-up religion in which people pretend to be humble and punish their bodies. But they don’t help people stop doing the evil that the sinful self wants to do.
3Chapter

Your New Life

1You were raised from death with Christ. So live for what is in heaven, where Christ is sitting at the right hand of God. 2Think only about what is up there, not what is here on earth. 3Your old self has died, and your new life is kept with Christ in God. 4Yes, Christ is now your life, and when he comes again, you will share in his glory.
5So put everything evil out of your life: sexual sin, doing anything immoral, letting sinful thoughts control you, and wanting things that are wrong. And don’t keep wanting more and more for yourself, which is the same as worshiping a false god. 6God will show his anger against those who don’t obey him, because they do these evil things. 7You also did these things in the past, when you lived like them.
8But now put these things out of your life: anger, losing your temper, doing or saying things to hurt others, and saying shameful things. 9Don’t lie to each other. You have taken off those old clothes—the person you once were and the bad things you did then. 10Now you are wearing a new life, a life that is new every day. You are growing in your understanding of the one who made you. You are becoming more and more like him. 11In this new life it doesn’t matter if you are a Greek or a Jew, circumcised or not. It doesn’t matter if you speak a different language or even if you are a Scythian. It doesn’t matter if you are a slave or free. Christ is all that matters, and he is in all of you.

Your New Life With Each Other

12God has chosen you and made you his holy people. He loves you. So your new life should be like this: Show mercy to others. Be kind, humble, gentle, and patient. 13Don’t be angry with each other, but forgive each other. If you feel someone has wronged you, forgive them. Forgive others because the Lord forgave you. 14Together with these things, the most important part of your new life is to love each other. Love is what holds everything together in perfect unity. 15Let the peace that Christ gives control your thinking. It is for peace that you were chosen to be together in one body. And always be thankful.
16Let the teaching of Christ live inside you richly. Use all wisdom to teach and counsel each other. Sing psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs with thankfulness in your hearts to God. 17Everything you say and everything you do should be done for Jesus your Lord. And in all you do, give thanks to God the Father through Jesus.

Your New Life at Home

18Wives, be willing to serve your husbands. This is the right thing to do in following the Lord.
19Husbands, love your wives, and be gentle to them.
20Children, obey your parents in everything. This pleases the Lord.
21Fathers, don’t upset your children. If you are too hard to please, they might want to stop trying.
22Servants, obey your masters in everything. Obey all the time, even when they can’t see you. Don’t just pretend to work hard so that they will treat you well. No, you must serve your masters honestly because you respect the Lord. 23In all the work you are given, do the best you can. Work as though you are working for the Lord, not any earthly master. 24Remember that you will receive your reward from the Lord, who will give you what he promised his people. Yes, you are serving Christ. He is your real Master. 25Remember that anyone who does wrong will be punished for that wrong. And the Lord treats everyone the same.
4Chapter
1Masters, give what is good and fair to your servants. Remember that you have a Master in heaven.

Some Things to Do

2Never stop praying. Be ready for anything by praying and being thankful. 3Also pray for us. Pray that God will give us an opportunity to tell people his message. I am in prison for doing this. But pray that we can continue to tell people the secret truth that God has made known about Christ. 4Pray that I will say what is necessary to make this truth clear to everyone.
5Be wise in the way you act with those who are not believers. Use your time in the best way you can. 6When you talk, you should always be kind and wise. Then you will be able to answer everyone in the way you should.

News About Those With Paul

7Tychicus is my dear brother in Christ. He is a faithful helper and he serves the Lord with me. He will tell you everything that is happening with me. 8That is why I am sending him. I want you to know how we are, and I am sending him to encourage you. 9I am sending him with Onesimus, the faithful and dear brother from your group. They will tell you everything that has happened here.
10Aristarchus, the one here in prison with me, sends you his greetings. Mark, the cousin of Barnabas, also sends his greetings. (I have already told you what to do about Mark. If he comes, welcome him.) 11And greetings from Jesus, the one who is also called Justus. These are the only Jewish believers who work with me for God’s kingdom. They have been a great comfort to me.
12Epaphras, another servant of Jesus Christ from your group, sends his greetings. He constantly struggles for you in prayer. He prays that you will grow to be spiritually mature and have everything that God wants for you. 13I know that he has worked hard for you and the people in Laodicea and in Hierapolis. 14Greetings also from Demas and our dear friend Luke, the doctor.
15Give our greetings to the brothers and sisters in Laodicea. Greetings also to Nympha and to the church that meets in her house. 16After this letter is read to you, be sure it is also read to the church in Laodicea. And you read the letter that I wrote to them. 17Tell Archippus, “Be sure to do the work the Lord gave you.”
18Here’s my greeting in my own handwriting— Paul. Remember me in prison. God’s grace be with you.
Study
Chapter 3
CSB

The Holy Scriptures tell us what we could never learn any other way: they tell us what we are, who we are, how we got here, why we are here, and what we are required to do while we remain here.

—A. W. Tozer

ESV

Instructions on Living the Christian Life. Based on their death and resurrection with Christ and the hope of a future life with him, Paul encourages the Colossians to continue eliminating sinful behaviors from their lives and cultivating Christian virtues.

ESV

Living in the Christian Household. Paul gives instructions for the various members of a Christian household. He addresses wives and husbands, children and fathers, and slaves (or bondservants) and masters. Significantly, he addresses the women, children, and slaves (or bondservants) directly as equal members of the Christian household, and he addresses each of them first in their respective sections. Cf. Eph. 5:22–6:9. On the Gk. word doulos, see the esv Preface.

ESV

The Proper Focus: Christ and the Life Above. This pivotal section marks an end to Paul’s polemic against the false teacher and is a bridge to his appeals for the Colossians to live in a manner pleasing to the Lord.

ESV

raised with Christ. See 2:13–14. Set your minds on things that are above contrasts with the things that are on earth and refers to pursuing a deeper knowledge of Christ himself (Phil. 3:10) and all that belongs to living with and for him. This would include seeking first his kingdom (Matt. 6:33) and living a life worthy of his name (Col. 1:10; 2:6). Christ is presently seated at the right hand of God (Ps. 110:1; Eph. 1:20) in a position of authority where he can make intercession with the Father. The false teacher may have claimed to have heavenly secrets, but Paul dismisses his theology as earthly.

ESV

your life is hidden with Christ in God. Paul uses the language of Isaiah and the Psalms to express the security of the people of God as they trust in him (Isa. 49:2; Ps. 27:5–6; 31:19–20).

ESV

The centrality of Christ in Colossians blazes into view again. Believers know that Christ is their life. Perfection in glory will be theirs when Christ returns (when they appear with him in glory).

ESV

Dealing with the Sins of the Past. Paul calls the Colossians to make a decisive break with the sinful tendencies they have carried with them into their Christian lives.

ESV

Put to death. Because believers have died with Christ (2:20; 3:3), they can get rid of sinful practices (Rom. 6:11; 8:13). The language of putting to death indicates that Christians have to take severe measures to conquer sin. Watchfulness and prayerfulness against it will be the first steps (see Matt. 26:41), with self-discipline following (Matt. 5:29–30). Sexual immorality (Gk. porneia) refers to every kind of sexual activity outside of marriage. Five of the items that Paul lists have to do with sexual purity, stressing the importance of bringing this area of life under the control and lordship of Christ. which is idolatry. Greed, sexual sin, and other vices can intrude into one’s relationship with God, taking his place as a focus of devotion.

ESV

the wrath of God is coming. In line with the OT prophets, who spoke of the day of the Lord as a time of coming wrath (e.g., Zeph. 1:14–15), Paul reminds the Colossians that God will suddenly intervene in human history and will hold everyone accountable. Those who live evil lives will face final judgment.

ESV

put them all away. Paul lists five more vices (cf. v. 5) that Christians need to get rid of. These five all have a bearing on social relationships among believers.

ESV

seeing that you have put off the old self … and have put on the new self. (On “self” as a rendering of “man” [esv footnote], see note on Eph. 4:22.) Paul picks up here what he has said earlier about Christ circumcising Christians by removing “the body of the flesh” (see Col. 2:11). Here he employs the metaphor of “taking off” and “putting on” clothing. The aorist tense of the two participles suggests that it is an event that has already taken place. A qualitative change of identity has already occurred in the lives of believers. It now only remains for them to bring their behavior into line with their new identity (see also Rom. 6:6; Eph. 4:24). Being renewed (present tense) indicates that the transformation of Christians is an ongoing process.

ESV

Here there is not Greek and Jew. There are no status distinctions among the new covenant people of God (cf. Gal. 3:28). No one has a special claim on God or is treated with less dignity than any other. Scythian. This was a people group located along the northern coast of the Black Sea. To the Greeks, the Scythians were a violent, uneducated, uncivilized, and altogether inferior people. In contrast to such discrimination and prejudice against other races and cultures, Paul shows that Jesus, who is all, and in all, binds all Christians together in equality, irrespective of such differences.

ESV

Putting on the Virtues of Christ. Paul calls the Colossians to a holy lifestyle, consistent with their new identity. Believers have been chosen by God and stand before him as his beloved holy ones. They are to live up to what they are in Christ.

ESV

bearing with one another. Tolerance is a virtue within the Christian community, although Paul clearly does not want the Colossians to tolerate the false teaching. forgiving each other … as the Lord has forgiven you. When wronged and betrayed, Christians are called to forgive others, even as they have been forgiven for their betrayal of Christ. See Matt. 6:12, 14–15; 18:21–22.

ESV

Above all else, Christians are called on to love one another (see 1 Corinthians 13). Binds … together may suggest that love unites all the virtues.

ESV

The word of Christ probably refers to the teaching about Christ as well as the words of Christ himself, which were part of the oral traditions passed on to believers in the early years after Christ ascended to heaven, before the Gospels had been written. Psalms and hymns and spiritual songs (see note on Eph. 5:19) is one means of teaching and admonishing. Corporate worship has a teaching function through the lyrics of its songs. This was particularly important in the oral culture of Paul’s day.

ESV

in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father. The centrality of Christ does not diminish the Father but brings him glory.

CSB

The text does not call on wives to render blind obedience to their husbands but rather to offer submission to the husbands’ leadership consistent with the ethical demands of the gospel (“as is fitting in the Lord”). The result is a form of male leadership that did not conform to the patriarchal patterns of the day but instead was modeled on the servant leadership of Christ. See note on Eph 5:22-25.

ESV

Wives, submit to your husbands. Instead of telling wives to “obey” (Gk. hypakouō), as was typical in Roman households, Paul appeals to them to “submit” (Gk. hypotassō), based on his conviction that men have a God-given leadership role in the family. The term suggests an ordering of society in which wives should align themselves with and respect the leadership of their husbands (see Eph. 5:22–33). Paul is not enjoining the wives to follow the prevailing cultural patterns of the day but to live as is fitting in the Lord. Seven times in these nine verses (Col. 3:18–4:1) Paul roots his instructions in “the Lord” or an equivalent term, thus stressing the importance of evaluating everything in light of Christ and his teaching.

ESV

do not be harsh with them. There was a tendency in the Roman world for men to rage bitterly against their wives and mistreat them. Because of their greater strength and louder voices, men in their sinful natures are prone to use harsh words, threats, unkindness, and even physical violence to intimidate their wives. There is no room for even a hint of this in a Christian home; instead, men are called to love their wives as Christ loved the church (Eph. 5:25).

ESV

Paul’s words to children reflect the fifth commandment (Ex. 20:12).

ESV

do not provoke your children. Men are urged to restrain their anger and any other attitudes that can embitter their children (cf. Eph. 6:4), lest they despair of pleasing their parents.

CSB

Paul gave slaves perspective on how to live as Christians within this socioeconomic institution of their day (see the notes in Philemon).

ESV

Bondservants, obey in everything those who are your earthly masters. The relationships between husbands and wives and parents and children are ordained by God from creation. Hence, Paul’s instructions on marriage represent the perfect will of God. On the other hand, the kind of servitude practiced in the first century was seldom in keeping with God’s will; the Scriptures regulate the institution without commending it (see notes on 1 Cor. 7:21; Eph. 6:5; 1 Tim. 1:10), and the evil of trafficking in human beings is condemned in the NT (1 Tim. 1:10; cf. Rev. 18:11–13). As in any other city or village in the Roman world, there would have been many slaves (or bondservants) at Colossae; Paul treats them with dignity and appeals to them directly to honor Christ in their hearts, work, and behavior. Philemon (see the book of Philemon) was a wealthy Colossian who benefited from the labors of his bondservant, Onesimus. Slaves (or bondservants) should work heartily, not primarily to please their earthly masters but as if they were working for the Lord. The principles of Col. 3:22–4:1 apply to employers and employees today.